Bird Migration

 

Article in significance: 1

https://www.significancemagazine.com/science/580-graphical-interpretations-of-data-walking-the-line?highlight=WyJiaXJkcyJd 

 

Oldest database: 2

Taken from website:

This data set, one of the longest of its kind in the country, lists all known county first arrival dates for 32 species of migrant, 29 summer and three winter, from 1886 onwards. Dates are converted to consecutive days of the year for analysis.

http://www.lanius.org.uk/sos/general/sos2016tuckerree.html 

Download R file:

Birds

 

To allow visualisation in R, the following packages should be installed as described:dplyR package: 3, to manipulate data frames

  • ggplot2 package: 4, to create plots
  • lubridate package: 5, to work with dates
  • timeDate package: 6, to extract Easter dates
  • astrolibR package: 7, one package to calculate full moon
  • lunar package: 8, another package to calculate full moon
  • rwunderground: 9, package to download weather data*
  • oce package: 10, package with oceanographic data; including magnetism data of the earth

* An API (Application Programming Interface) number is required for the rwunderground package. To obtain an API, register a free account at http://www.wunderground.com. Once registered, request a free API from https://www.wunderground.com/weather/api/ and select the pricing tab. The free developer code codes allow you to download 500 API calls per day and 10 calls per minute.

Latitude and longitude are used to describe a location on earth. They can be expressed in degrees, minutes and seconds (DMS notation) or in digital degrees (DD notation). In software programs, it is easiest to use the DD notation. It is however straight forward to convert from one format to the other using the following functions:

R download: convert_dms_dd

R download: convert_dd_dms

The following functions should be copied and pasted into R and executed as described to convert between the different formats.

 

 

1.
Reese A. Graphical interpretations of data: Walking the line [Internet]. Significance. 2018. Available from: https://www.significancemagazine.com/science/580-graphical-interpretations-of-data-walking-the-line?highlight=WyJiaXJkcyJd
1.
Tucker J, Reese A. The Historical Ornithology of Shropshire [Internet]. The Historical Ornithology of Shropshire. 2016. Available from: http://www.lanius.org.uk/sos/general/sos2016tuckerree.html
1.
WIckham H, Francois R. dplyr: A Grammar of Data Manipulation [Internet]. 2016. Available from: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/dplyr/index.html
1.
Wickham H, Chang W. ggplot2: Create Elegant Data Visualisations Using the Grammar of Graphics [Internet]. Springer New York; 2016. Available from: http://cran.r-project.org/package=ggplot2
1.
Grolemund G, Spinu V, WIckham H. lubridate: Make Dealing with Dates a Little Easier [Internet]. 2016. Available from: https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/lubridate/index.html
1.
Wuertz D, Setz T, Chalabi Y, Maechler M, Byers J. timeDate: Rmetrics - Chronological and Calendar Objects [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=timeDate
1.
Chakraborty A, Feigelson E. astrolibR: Astronomy Users Library [Internet]. 2014. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=astrolibR
1.
Lazaridis E. lunar: Lunar Phase & Distance, Seasons and Other Environmental Factors [Internet]. 2014. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=lunar
1.
Shum A. rwunderground: R Interface to Weather Underground API [Internet]. 2017. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rwunderground
1.
Kelley D, Richards C, Layton C. oce: Analysis of Oceanographic Data [Internet]. 2018. Available from: https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=oce